NIA Issues Hot Weather Alert: Why Adults Heat Up Faster and How to Prevent Heat-Related Illnesses
Here in North Carolina, we’re already having an incredibly hot summer, and heat-related incidents are the number one environmental threat to seniors. It is estimated that adults experience nearly 235,000 heat-related illnesses and more each summer, from dehydration and heatstroke to life-threatening heatstroke. In fact, people over the age of 60 account for more than 80% of all annual heat-related accidents in the United States.
Recently, the National Institute on Aging (NIA) renewed its warning to the elderly about the dangers of hot weather. Many older people don’t realize that their bodies react differently to heat than they did decades ago. Here’s what you need to know about the warning, and what you can do to prevent heat-related illnesses.
Aging Changes How the Body Regulates Temperature
Another reason heatstroke is a major threat to older people is that the body’s ability to regulate temperature naturally changes with age. As people age, they may sweat less and experience reduced circulation, making it harder to cool down when temperatures rise. The NIA points out that these changes can put older adults at greater risk of overheating even when they don’t feel too hot. This can be especially dangerous because heat-related illnesses may begin before warning signs are apparent.
In addition, other factors that commonly affect older people may also play a role. Certain medications can increase sensitivity to heat. Diuretics, blood pressure medications, antihistamines, and other antidepressants may affect hydration levels, sweating, or temperature regulation. It is always advisable to discuss heat risks associated with medications with your healthcare provider (preferably before summer). A drug that works well during the cooler months may require extra caution during periods of extreme heat.
Additionally, certain chronic conditions can increase the risk of heat-related illnesses, too. Heart disease, diabetes, kidney disease, respiratory disorders, and other conditions common to the elderly can reduce the body’s ability to cope with high temperatures. Other health issues also make it difficult to recognize dehydration or respond appropriately to heat stress. For example, a person with cardiovascular disease may experience increased stress on the heart during extreme heat.
Adults with chronic conditions and/or medications should be especially careful during heat waves and follow medical advice closely.
Dehydration, Heatstroke, and Heat Stroke
One of the most overlooked dangers of hot weather is dehydration. As people age, their sense of thirst often becomes less reliable, meaning they may not feel thirsty even when their bodies need fluids. The NIA recommends drinking water regularly throughout the day rather than waiting until you feel thirsty. Symptoms of dehydration can include:
- Dizziness
- Fatigue,
- A headache
- Confusion
- Dry mouth
- Dark colored urine
Additionally, recognizing the warning signs of heat-related illnesses can save lives. Heat exhaustion can cause profuse sweating, weakness, nausea, dizziness, headache, and cool or tingling skin.
If left untreated, it can progress to heat stroke, a medical emergency that may include confusion, loss of consciousness, high body temperature, and hot, dry skin. The CDC advises calling 911 immediately if a burn is suspected. Prompt action can improve outcomes when severe heat-related illnesses occur.
A Cool Plan Today Can Prevent Disaster Tomorrow
Fortunately, many heat-related illnesses can be prevented by taking simple precautions. It is recommended to stay in an air-conditioned area whenever possible during extreme heat events. Wearing light clothing, avoiding strenuous outdoor activities during peak afternoon temperatures, and taking cool showers can also help reduce the risk.
Also, take the time to check the local weather forecast and pay attention to heat advisories. This can allow you to schedule your activities safely. Checking local weather forecasts and heat advisories allows seniors to plan activities safely. And don’t forget to drink enough fluids! As temperatures continue to rise during the summer months, a quick approach to heat safety can help seniors stay healthy, independent, and active.
What steps do you take to stay safe during the intense summer heat, and have you ever experienced heat-related illness? Share your thoughts in the comments below.
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